VOLUME 26, NO2, JUN 2004

Gypsum Plaster as Building Material from Kohat Gypsum

The present study deals with the physiochemical evaluation of gypsum deposits of Kohat region for their feasibility as gypsum plaster . Sixteen representative samples from Mami Khel and Lachi Jutta Ismail Khel areas of Kohat district were collected. After detailed laboratory investigations it was observed that by using cheap retarders in very small amounts in calcined gypsum (Plaster of Paris) of all the gypsum samples except a few may bring it feasible as gypsum plaster in accordance with the specifications.read more

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H KHAN ,M FAISAL ,M Z CHUGHTAI ,F KANWAL ,S A KHAN ,

Effect of Leaching Time on the Removal of Lithophile Elements of Operational Concern from Coal Samples

Results of a study to minimize the ash content in some Pakistani coals have been presented. Leaching of some coal samples with distilled water, hydrochloric acid, nibic acid and acid mixture has been performed for time duration of 0.5 hour and 2.0 hours. Effect of contact time was evaluated and extended time has been found to be effective for maximum leaching of Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, and K. Amongst the leachants employed, acid mixture proved more effective in removing significant amount of ash forming inorganic elements. Amongst the coals studied, inorganic elements were effectively leached from Shahrigh and Makarwal samples.read more

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I AHMAD ,M ISHAQ ,M A KHAN ,M SHAKIRULLAH ,

Kinetics of Removal of Dye (Basic blue 3) from Aqueous Solution by Activated Charcoal Prepared from the Wood of Brausonitia papyrifera (Paper Mulberry)

The use of activated charcoal (M-76) prepared from low cost wood of Brausonitia paypyrifera (Paper Mulberry), for the removal of dye Basic blue3 (BB3) from aqueous solution was investigated. The linear applicability of Langergren equation points towards pseudo-first order rate expression. Activation energy of adsorption were also determined. The results indicate that Brausonitia papyripera could be employed as low cost alternative to commercial activated carbon in wastewater treatment for the removal of basic dyes.read more

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A MANAF ,F K BANGASH ,

Sorption/Desorption Properties of y-AIz03 Towards Phosphate Anions

Sorption studies of y-AhOJ towards phosphate anions were conducted at various concentrations and pH. The y-AhOJ was observed to be an effective anion exchange material for phosphate anions. Phosphate uptake was increased with increase in concentration and a decrease in sorption was observed with increase in pH. Desorption studies were also conducted in the pH range 3 to 9 which showed an increase in desorption with pH rise. Sorption and desorption studies accompanying the pH changes showed that the sorption was caused by electrostatic interactions (ion exchange) rather than pure physisorption i.e., non-electrostatic adsorption.read more

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M JAVID ,S MUSTAFA ,M I ZAMAN ,S HAIDER ,A R GUL ,

A Study of Thermal Effects on Molecular Sieve, Type 13X

Thermal effects on molecular sieve, type 13X have been studied by employing thermogravimetry (TO) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The weight loss free and entrapped water equals 17.5% was observed, which corresponds to 132 water molecules. The dehydration ofl11Qlecular sieve is obviated by changes observed in the relative intensities of the diffraction peaks of samples heated at various temperatures.read more

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M AHMAD ,R QADEER ,R HUSSAIN ,

Study of Some Metal Elements in Four Chemically Different Types of Human Gallstones

To assess the role of metal elements in the pathogenesis of human gallstones, the concentrations of some metal elements (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn) in four chemically different types of human gallstones (pure cholesterol, cholesterol +calcium carbonate, cholesterol + bilirubin and calcium bilirubinate) were measured by atomic aJjsorption spectrometry. It was obsetVed that the concentrations of the metal elements varied greatly with the chemical nature of stone. Calcium, magnesium and manganese were found in high range of concentrations in gallstones composed of cholesterol +calcium carbonate, whereas, high concentrations for sodium, potassium, copper, iron, lead, nickel and zinc were seen in calcium bilirubinate stones. Sexwise comparison of the data for cholesterol gallstones, showed that the levels for calcium, sodium, magnesium, manganese, iron, lead and nickel were higher in gallstones recovered from females as compared to that of males, whereas reverse was true for the concentrations of potassium and zinc. Comparison of the data for cholesterol gallstones from females of above and below 45 years age revealed no significant differences between the subjects of the two age groups. The findings of the present study may suggest that the metal elements calcium, sodium, potassium, copper, and iron do contribute towards the formation mechanism of human gallstones.read more

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M I BANGER ,F D KHAND ,M Y KHUHAWAR ,M Y KHUHAWAR ,F D KHAND ,N A CHANNA ,M I BANGER ,

Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of O-Cyano-N, N-Dipropylbenzylamine and its Complexes with Iron(I1), Nickel(I1) and Cobalt(I1)

O-Cyano-N,N-dipropylbenzylamine and its complexes with iron (II), nickel (II) and cobalt (II) are reported. Physical properties of the ligand i.e; boiling point, miscibility, relative density, refractive index, A..u, viscosity and surface tension are given. Evaluation of complexes was carried out on the basis of infrared spectra and analytical data. Antibacterial activity of O-eyano-N,N-dipropylbenzylamine and its metal complexes are reported against some pathogenic bacteria by diffusion plate method.read more

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M Z IQBAL ,F MAZHAR ,

Quantitative Estimation of Eight Essential Nutrients of Five Different Maize Hybrids and its Soil

Various maize samples were collected from Maize and Millet Research Institute Yusaf wala, District Sahiwal, Punjab in Pakistan. The maize samples were analysed for eight essential elements (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu) by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. In general, the results showed that the variation in elemental uptake was observed in maize hybrids although they grow in the same agricultural plot, This may be due to its genetic characteristics. However, analysis of essential elements shows high level of Na in EV-5089, K, Mg and Mrr in Gahar, Ca and Fe in EVS-IO, Zn in hybrid 202 and Cu in Gohar hybrid.read more

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S SAHITO ,L A SHAR ,T G KAZI ,G Q SHAR ,

Comparison of Wet Ashing Methods for Medicinal Plants, Celosia argentea and Cubeba officinalis by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

The role of elements particularly trace elements in health and disease is now well established. In this paper we investigate the presence of various elements in two herbs Celosia argentea and Cubeba officinalis. The both herbs are used for liver ailments and other diseases. Two wet acid digestion methods were used for the determination of total elements such as Zn, Cr, K, Mg, Ca, Na, Cu, Fe, Pb, AI, Sa, Mn, Co, Ni, and Cd in both plants. Sample digested with Nitric acid and 30% Hydrogen peroxide, is found to be more efficient to decompose the biological material as compared to the sample digested with sulphuric acid and Nitric acid mixture. It has been observed that, the level of essential elements was found to be high as compared to the trace and toxic elements. The considerable amount of amount of Zn, Fe, Co was found in these plants. The considerable amount of water extractable elements was also present in both plants.read more

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S R SAHITO ,A N MEMON ,T G KAZI ,G H KAZI ,Z A PIRZADO ,G Q SHAR ,

Synthesis and In Vitro Antitumour Studies of Trimethyltin(IV) trans-M-Methylcinnamate

Trimethyltin trans-m-methylcinnamate has been synthesised and characterized by multinuclear NMR, mass and M1issbauer data. The anti tumour activity in vitro against a penal of seven tumour cells is reported and compared with some clinical drugs.read more

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K SHAHID ,M MAZHAR ,S ALI ,M DANISH ,